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at the Breeding-, Resting- and Wintering Areas of the White and of the Black Stork

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The UNEP-Atlas marked the disastrous condition of the freshwater reserves .
The maintenance of the Lakes could only occurred by Countries overlapping

White Storks in Chad

In addition to Sudan, Chad is the second most important wintering ground for the White Stork in Africa. Approximately half of them finish their harvest migration here with several months resting. Historical dates suggest, that the Lake Chad is one of the main wintering regions of White Storks in Central Africa. Storks of the eastern passage and the western passage meet here.

But contrast to Sudan, Storks rarely spend the whole winter in Chad In about December the Storks fly in Sudan in order to spend the wintering or either to continue the movement in the south.
 

African Lakes are Shrinking Fast!

By estimations of the UNEP there are about 680 Lakes in African with a water volume of about 30.000 cubic kilometer. That is the biggest freshwater volume of all continants. The lakes are the major reservoir for drinking water and major source of food.

From the African Lakes per annum 1,4 million tons of fishes are caught, 14 per cent therefrom on the account of Egypt The maintenance of the lakes could only be a success throug activities across the countries. So just about the Upper Volta river system, that the countries Burkina Faso, Ghana, Mali, Togo, Benin and Ivory Coast are used, is cause of concern.

Within the next two decades in this region the population will reduplicate up to 40 million. For this reason there will be also an increase in water consumption. However in the past 30 years the number of precipitations in this region has notable decreased. Therefor the number of Dams and river obstructs has heavily increased. Added to that there is an  inncreasing quantity of untreated sewage (wastewater) from households, from the agriculture and industry.

Environmental pollution has lad to a massive diminishing returns of fishery, particularly in the Nile River Delta, and also in Lake Chad.

The Lake Chad, once one of the biggest Lake World-wide, is drying up.

The Lake is been bounded by Chad, also Niger and Nigeria - the three countries with the world-wide  fastest growing in population. The increasing needs of water for irrigation on this region wreaks the rivers and the rivulets (brooks), and the supply to the lake is drying up so that the Lake Chad could soon complete disappeared.

Once it was hug lake. 40 years ago it had a dimension of 38.850 square kilometer. New satellite pictures had already showed a reduction of 1.295 square kilometer. However the lake level sways (wavered) heavily. The lake is mostly only a few meters and  even at its deepest spot only seven meter deep. Thats why its level depends also heavily from rainfall in its drainage area.

Decreasing Wetland Biotopes

Wetland biotopes are important for the preservation of ecosystems and for filtering the water. Important wetlands are the Okavango-Delta, the basins of Lake Victoria and Lake Chad as well as the mouth of the big rivers, Kongo, Zambezi and Niger. In the past 30 years this wtland-regions are shrinking. Sad record holder is the Niger: In the last 20 years 80 percent of its wetland disappeared.

Dramatic is also the water lost in Africa's biggest lake, the Lake Victoria. About 30 million people are living around the 68.800 cubic kilometer great East African waters, that are the second largest freshwater reserve the world.The population density is with 1.200 inhabitant per sqere-kilometer extreme high. Estimated 150.000 squere kilometer area fallsvictim to the Land-Degradation yearly. The ecological condition of the Lake Victoria is high endangered through the fast growing population, as well as the vegetation along the lakeside through deforestation and the booming fish-exporting-industry. The introduction of differently kinds of exotic plant and animal species is the cause of 50 percent decrease in native species of fish, exceeding algal growth and the drain of untreated sewage from the industry and the human settlements.

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